Aquila is named after a constellation visible in the northern skies; not the best known constellation, perhaps, but a pretty one that features in the mythology of several cultures. The constellation was always known as Aquila - The Eagle - to the Romans (eventually becoming the 'official' name of the constellation, as recognised by the IAU), but was referred to as Aetos by the Greeks and Al'Okab by the Arabs. The earliest recorded reference to this constellation is believed to be from a Euphratean uranograpic stone from about 1200 BC.
Greek and Roman mythology tells us that this Eagle was the loyal servant and companion of Zeus; the bird which carried Zeus' thunderbolts and administered punishment on Zeus' behalf to Prometheus for gifting the world with fire. Ganymede, "handsomest of mortals, whom the Gods caught up to pour out drink for Zeus and live amid immortals for his beauty's sake" (Homer, Iliad, Book XX) was found and taken up to Mount Olympus by sharp-eyed Aquila.
Other Greek and Roman legends indicate that Aquila was one of the birds (along with Cygnus, the swan and Lyra, the Vulture) that were hunted by Hercules on his sixth labour. It is said that these birds were man-eaters, which haunted Lake Stymphalis in Arkadia.
"Herakles when he came to Arkadia, was unable with bow
and arrow to drive away the birds that swam on the Stymphalian Lake.
I (Amphidamas, son of King Aleus) saw the thing myself. What he did
was to take his stand on a height and make a din by shaking
a bronze rattle; and the astounded birdsflew off into the
distance screeching for fear."
Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica 2.1052
For his services, Zeus immortalised Aquila, allowing him to fly eternally in the stars.
Aquila lies on the celestial equator and is visible to the north in the evenings between July and November. During these months, it gradually proceeds from northeast to northwest in the night sky.
It is also interesting that it was amongst the stars of the constellation Aquila, to the northwest of Altair (the constellation Aquila's brightest star), that Professor Edward Barnard discovered a comet (from its trail) on a photograph taken at the Lick Observatory on the 12th of October, 1892 - the first comet ever recorded on camera.
|